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World Largest Telescope -Fast




Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST)

HISTORY

On 26 December 2008, a foundation laying ceremony was held on the construction site. Construction started in March 2011,and the last panel was installed on the morning of 3 July 2016.The telescope was first proposed in 1994. The project was approved by the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) in July 2007.A 65-person village was relocated from the valley to make room for the telescope and an additional 9,110 people living within a 5 km radius of the telescope were relocated to create a radio-quiet area.About 500 families tried to sue the local government. Villagers accused the government of forced demolitions, unlawful detentions and not giving compensation.The Chinese government spent around $269 million in poverty relief funds and bank loans for the relocation of the local residents, while the construction of the telescope itself cost $180 million.

Originally budgeted for CN¥700 million, the final cost was CN¥1.2 billion.Significant difficulties encountered were the site's remote location and poor road access, and the need to add shielding to suppress radio-frequency interference (RFI) from the primary mirror actuators.There are still ongoing problems with the failure rate of the primary mirror actuators.

Testing and commissioning began with first light on 25 September 2016.The first observations are being done without the active primary reflector, configuring it in a fixed shape and using the Earth's rotation to scan the sky.Subsequent early science will take place at lower frequencies while the active surface is brought to its design accuracy;longer wavelengths are less sensitive to errors in reflector shape. It will take three years to calibrate the various instruments so it can become fully operational.Once it does, it will likely require hundreds of astronomers. However, due to the shortage of astronomers, the telescope will not operate at full capacity for a long time.As of 2017, the Chinese Academy of Sciences is searching for a qualified director of scientific operations for FAST, but is having difficulty filling the position.



 Local government efforts to develop a tourist industry around the telescope are causing some concern among astronomers worried about nearby mobile telephones acting as sources of  A projected 10 million tourists in 2017 will force officials to decide on the scientific mission versus the economic benefits of tourism.



The Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) nicknamed Tianyan "Heavenly Eye" or "The Eye of Heaven") is a radio telescope located in the Dawodang depression, a natural basin in Pingtang County, Guizhou Province, southwest China.It consists of a fixed 500 m (1,600 ft) diameter dish and world's largest filled-aperture radio telescope,and the second-largest single-dish aperture after the sparsely-filled RATAN-600 in Russia.
It has a novel design, using an active surface made of metal panels that can be tilted by a computer to help change the focus to different areas of the sky.The cabin containing the feed antenna suspended on cables above the dish is also moved using a digitally-controlled winch by the computer control system to steer the instrument to receive from different directions.
Construction on the FAST project began in 2011 and it achieved first light in September 2016.It is currently undergoing testing and commissioning.It observes at wavelengths of 10 cm to 4.3 m.The telescope made its first discovery of two new pulsars in August 2017, barely 1 year after its first light.The  two new pulsars  are also referred to as  FP1 and FP2, were detected on August 22 and 25 and are 16,000 and 4,100 light years away, respectively.


  ARE U KNOW Arecibo Observatory


The basic design of FAST is similar to the Arecibo Observatory radio telescope. Both are fixed primary reflectors installed in natural hollows, made of perforated aluminum panels with a movable receiver suspended above. And both have an effective aperture smaller than the physical size of the primary. There are, however, five significant differences in addition to the size.


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